Verbalizer: R2ML to English

This is a demo of R2ML verbalizer.
The main goal of the verbalization is to help domain experts to validate their rules, represented formally, against the domain.

The text area below contains a sample R2ML rule base of the EU-Rent case study.

In order to verbalize this rule base, click "Verbalize!" button and see what happens.

Real rules are built on terms, which are defined in a vocabulary. R2ML supports two types of vocabularies: internal R2ML vocabularies and external vocabularies. The example below is based on the external vocabulary, expressed in OWL.

The attributes r2ml:externalVocabularyID="http://oxygen.informatik.tu-cottbus.de/TestVoc.owl" and r2ml:externalVocabularyLanguage="OWL" of the r2ml:RuleBase tag define the vocabulary location and the ontology language.
The description of the verbalizer will be available soon as a REWERSE I1 technical report.

You may copy/paste more R2ML rule examples into the form below and verbalize them.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<r2ml:RuleBase xmlns:r2ml="http://www.rewerse.net/I1/2006/R2ML" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.rewerse.net/I1/2006/R2ML http://oxygen.informatik.tu-cottbus.de/R2ML/0.4/R2ML.xsd" xmlns:examples="http://oxygen.informatik.tu-cottbus.de/R2ML/0.3/" r2ml:externalVocabularyID="http://oxygen.informatik.tu-cottbus.de/TestVoc.owl" r2ml:externalVocabularyLanguage="OWL" xmlns:srv="http://www.rewerse.net/eu-rent/#">
 <r2ml:DerivationRuleSet>
  
  <r2ml:DerivationRule r2ml:ruleID="DR003" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:swrlb="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrlb">
   <r2ml:Documentation>
    <r2ml:RuleText r2ml:textFormat="plain">A customer is premium if their spending has been min 5000 euro in the previous year.</r2ml:RuleText>
    <r2ml:SourceCode r2ml:language="RuleML">
		See DerivationRuleSetExamples.xml
    </r2ml:SourceCode>
    <dc:creator>Adrian Giurca</dc:creator>
    <dc:title>Premium customer</dc:title>
    <dc:source>http://www.ruleml.org/papers/tutorial-ruleml-20050513.html</dc:source>
    <dc:date>2006-04-05</dc:date>
   </r2ml:Documentation>
   <r2ml:conditions>
     
    <r2ml:DatatypePredicateAtom r2ml:datatypePredicateID="swrlb:subtract">
     <r2ml:dataArguments>
      <r2ml:DataVariable r2ml:name="previous_year" r2ml:datatypeID="xs:gYear"/>
      <r2ml:DatatypeFunctionTerm r2ml:datatypeFunctionID="fn:year-from-dateTime">
       <r2ml:dataArguments>
        <r2ml:DatatypeFunctionTerm r2ml:datatypeFunctionID="fn:current-dateTime">
         <r2ml:dataArguments/>
        </r2ml:DatatypeFunctionTerm>
       </r2ml:dataArguments>
      </r2ml:DatatypeFunctionTerm>
      <r2ml:TypedLiteral r2ml:datatypeID="xs:integer" r2ml:lexicalValue="1"/>
     </r2ml:dataArguments>
    </r2ml:DatatypePredicateAtom>
    
    <r2ml:DatatypePredicateAtom r2ml:datatypePredicateID="swrlb:greaterThan">
     <r2ml:dataArguments>
      <r2ml:DataOperationTerm r2ml:operationID="srv:spending">
       <r2ml:contextArgument>
        <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="customer" r2ml:classID="srv:Customer"/>
       </r2ml:contextArgument>
       <r2ml:arguments>
        <r2ml:DataVariable r2ml:name="previous_year" r2ml:datatypeID="xs:gYear"/>
       </r2ml:arguments>
      </r2ml:DataOperationTerm>
      <r2ml:TypedLiteral r2ml:datatypeID="xs:positiveInteger" r2ml:lexicalValue="5000"/>
     </r2ml:dataArguments>
    </r2ml:DatatypePredicateAtom>
   </r2ml:conditions>
   <r2ml:conclusion>
    <r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom r2ml:classID="srv:PremiumCustomer">
     <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="customer"/>
    </r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom>
   </r2ml:conclusion>
  </r2ml:DerivationRule>
  
  <r2ml:DerivationRule r2ml:ruleID="DR004">
   <r2ml:Documentation>
    <r2ml:RuleText r2ml:textFormat="plain">The discount for a customer buying a product is 7.5 percent if the customer is premium and the product is luxury.</r2ml:RuleText>
    <r2ml:SourceCode r2ml:language="RuleML">
     See DerivationRuleSetExamples.xml
    </r2ml:SourceCode>
    <dc:subject>RuleML example in R2ML</dc:subject>
    <dc:creator>Adrian Giurca</dc:creator>
    <dc:title>Give discount</dc:title>
    <dc:source>http://www.ruleml.org/papers/tutorial-ruleml-20050513.html</dc:source>
    <dc:date>2006-04-05</dc:date>
   </r2ml:Documentation>
   <r2ml:conditions>
    <r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom r2ml:classID="srv:PremiumCustomer">
     <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="customer" r2ml:classID="Customer"/>
    </r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom>
    <r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom r2ml:classID="srv:LuxuryProduct">
     <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="product" r2ml:classID="Product"/>
    </r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom>
    <r2ml:AssociationAtom r2ml:associationPredicateID="buy">
     <r2ml:objectArguments>
      <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="customer"/>
      <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="product"/>
     </r2ml:objectArguments>
    </r2ml:AssociationAtom>
   </r2ml:conditions>
   <r2ml:conclusion>
    <r2ml:AttributionAtom r2ml:attributeID="discount">
     <r2ml:subject>
      <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="customer"/>
     </r2ml:subject>
     <r2ml:value>
      <r2ml:TypedLiteral r2ml:datatypeID="xs:decimal" r2ml:lexicalValue="7.5"/>
     </r2ml:value>
    </r2ml:AttributionAtom>
   </r2ml:conclusion>
  </r2ml:DerivationRule>
  
  <r2ml:DerivationRule r2ml:ruleID="DR008" xmlns:srv="http://www.services.org/EU-Rent/">
   <r2ml:Documentation>
    <r2ml:RuleText r2ml:textFormat="plain" r2ml:ruleDiagram="examples:DR_isAvailable.gif">
						If rental car is stored at the branch and it is not assigned to a rental and it is not scheduled for service, then rental car is available at the branch.
				</r2ml:RuleText>
    <r2ml:SourceCode r2ml:language="OCL">
		See DerivationRuleSetExamples.xml
	</r2ml:SourceCode>
    <dc:creator>Sergey Lukichev</dc:creator>
    <dc:contributor>Gerd Wagner</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor>Adrian Giurca</dc:contributor>
    <dc:date>2006-04-07</dc:date>
   </r2ml:Documentation>
   <r2ml:conditions>
    <r2ml:AssociationAtom r2ml:isNegated="false" r2ml:associationPredicateID="srv:isStoredAt">
     <r2ml:objectArguments>
      <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="rentalCar" r2ml:classID="srv:RentalCar"/>
      <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="branch" r2ml:classID="srv:Branch"/>
     </r2ml:objectArguments>
    </r2ml:AssociationAtom>
    <r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom r2ml:isNegated="true" r2ml:classID="srv:RentalCarScheduledForService">
     <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="rentalCar"/>
    </r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom>
    <r2ml:AssociationAtom r2ml:isNegated="true" r2ml:associationPredicateID="srv:isAssignedTo">
     <r2ml:objectArguments>
      <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="rentalCar" r2ml:classID="srv:rentalCar"/>
      <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="rental" r2ml:classID="srv:Rental"/>
     </r2ml:objectArguments>
    </r2ml:AssociationAtom>
   </r2ml:conditions>
   <r2ml:conclusion>
    <r2ml:AssociationAtom r2ml:isNegated="false" r2ml:associationPredicateID="srv:isAvailableAt">
     <r2ml:objectArguments>
      <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="rentalCar" r2ml:classID="srv:RentalCar"/>
      <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="branch" r2ml:classID="srv:Branch"/>
     </r2ml:objectArguments>
    </r2ml:AssociationAtom>
   </r2ml:conclusion>
  </r2ml:DerivationRule>
  
  <r2ml:DerivationRule r2ml:ruleID="DR009" xmlns:swrlb="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrlb">
   <r2ml:Documentation>
    <r2ml:RuleText r2ml:textFormat="plain" r2ml:ruleDiagram="examples:DR_scheduledService.gif">
                      If a rental car has more than 90 days or more than 5000 km since the last service then rental car is a rental car scheduled for service.			
				</r2ml:RuleText>
    <r2ml:SourceCode r2ml:language="OCL">
		See DerivationRuleSetExamples.xml
	</r2ml:SourceCode>
    <dc:creator>Sergey Lukichev</dc:creator>
    <dc:contributor>Gerd Wagner</dc:contributor>
    <dc:date>2006-03-30</dc:date>
   </r2ml:Documentation>
   <r2ml:conditions>
    <r2ml:qf.Disjunction>
     <r2ml:DatatypePredicateAtom r2ml:datatypePredicateID="swrlb:greaterThan">
      <r2ml:dataArguments>
       <r2ml:AttributeFunctionTerm r2ml:attributeID="srv:lastMaintenanceDate">
        <r2ml:contextArgument>
         <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="rentalCar" r2ml:classID="srv:RentalCar"/>
        </r2ml:contextArgument>
       </r2ml:AttributeFunctionTerm>
       <r2ml:TypedLiteral r2ml:lexicalValue="90" r2ml:datatypeID="xs:positiveInteger"/>
      </r2ml:dataArguments>
     </r2ml:DatatypePredicateAtom>
     <r2ml:DatatypePredicateAtom r2ml:datatypePredicateID="swrlb:greaterThan">
      <r2ml:dataArguments>
       <r2ml:AttributeFunctionTerm r2ml:attributeID="srv:serviceReading">
        <r2ml:contextArgument>
         <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="rentalCar"/>
        </r2ml:contextArgument>
       </r2ml:AttributeFunctionTerm>
       <r2ml:TypedLiteral r2ml:lexicalValue="5000" r2ml:datatypeID="xs:positiveInteger"/>
      </r2ml:dataArguments>
     </r2ml:DatatypePredicateAtom>
    </r2ml:qf.Disjunction>
   </r2ml:conditions>
   <r2ml:conclusion>
    <r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom r2ml:classID="srv:RentalCarScheduledForService">
     <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="rentalCar"/>
    </r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom>
   </r2ml:conclusion>
  </r2ml:DerivationRule>
  
    <r2ml:DerivationRule r2ml:ruleID="DR001">
   <r2ml:Documentation>
    <r2ml:RuleText r2ml:textFormat="plain">
				If return branch of rental is the same as  pick-up branch of a rental then rental is a one way rental.
	</r2ml:RuleText>
    <dc:creator>Sergey Lukichev</dc:creator>
    <dc:contributor>Gerd Wagner</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor>Adrian Giurca</dc:contributor>
    <dc:date>2006-03-30</dc:date>
   </r2ml:Documentation>
   <r2ml:conditions>
	   <r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom r2ml:classID="srv:Rental">
					<r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="r1"/>
		</r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom>
      <r2ml:EqualityAtom>
       <r2ml:ReferencePropertyFunctionTerm r2ml:referencePropertyID="srv:returnBranch">
        <r2ml:contextArgument>
         <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="r1"/>
        </r2ml:contextArgument>
       </r2ml:ReferencePropertyFunctionTerm>
       <r2ml:ReferencePropertyFunctionTerm r2ml:referencePropertyID="srv:pickupBranch">
        <r2ml:contextArgument>
         <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="r1"/>
        </r2ml:contextArgument>
       </r2ml:ReferencePropertyFunctionTerm>
      </r2ml:EqualityAtom>
      </r2ml:conditions>
      <r2ml:conclusion>
       <r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom r2ml:classID="srv:OneWayRental">
        <r2ml:ObjectVariable r2ml:name="r1"/>
       </r2ml:ObjectClassificationAtom>
	  </r2ml:conclusion>
  </r2ml:DerivationRule>

</r2ml:DerivationRuleSet>

</r2ml:RuleBase>

Click the transform button to generate the output.

Contact: Sergey Lukichev